Unit 4008 Mechanical Principles Assignment Brief
| Programme Title | Pearson BTEC Higher National Certificate in Manufacturing Engineering for England: 610/1229/4
Pearson BTEC Higher National Certificate in Mechanical Engineering for England: 610/1231/2 Pearson BTEC Higher National Certificate in Electrical and Electronic Engineering for England: 610/1220/8 |
| Unit Number | 4008 |
| Unit Title | Mechanical Principles |
| Unit Reference Number | K/651/0720 |
| Unit Level | 4 |
| Credits | 15 |
| Assignment Title | Mechanical Principles -2 |
| Submission Format |
| Good quality written evidence including all the answers and diagrams with their respective working out.
Submission via Turnitin as indicated by interact, remember to tick the required box to confirm your submission is your own work and that you accept all responsibility for any copyright infringement that may occur because of your submission. |
| Learning Outcomes |
| LO1 Solve problems within static mechanical systems
LO2 Analyse dynamic mechanical systems LO3 Investigate elements of simple mechanical power transmission systems LO4 Analyse natural and damped vibrations within translational and rotational mass-spring systems. |
| Transferable skills and competencies developed |
| Cognitive skills – Problem solving, critical thinking / analysis, effective communication, digital literacy, numeracy.
Intra-personal skills – Self-management, independent learning. |
Vocational Scenario
As part of your graduate placement, you are required to support the mechanical department with analysis of simple structures and possible design modifications. Complete the tasks below to show your competence in this field.
Assignment Activity and Guidance
Task 1
A gearbox is powered by a directly coupled electric motor is required to provide a minimum of 14 kW of power at the output to drive a load at 140 rpm. The gearbox consists of a compound train which has an efficiency of 85%. Find:
(i) The overall gear ratio
(ii) Electric motor output shaft velocity
(iii) Holding torque
Output load – 140rpm
Task 2
A screw-jack is being used to support the axle of a car, the load on it being 2.4 kN The screw jack has an effort of effective radius 200 mm and a single-start square thread, having a lead of 5 mm. Determine the efficiency of the jack if an effort of 60 N is required to raise the car axle.
Task 3
Find the greatest and smallest values of the velocity ratio of two shafts joined with a universal coupling when the axes are at 600 to each other.
Produce a graph of velocity ratio against angle for to proof the calculated results and comment on your result with respect to the conditions of a constant velocity ratio.
Task 4
Flywheels are used to smooth out fluctuating torques such as produced on the crank of piston engines. The diagram shows a torque – angle diagram for a certain machine. The speed of the shaft must be maintained between 490 and 510 rev/min.
Calculate the moment of inertia of a suitable flywheel.
Calculate the mass required if the radius of gyration is to be 0.3 m and comment on your result.
Task 5
Power transmission system of vehicles consist of several components which sometimes encounter failures. By conducting your own research and analysis evaluate the causes of at least two cases of mechanical power transmission failure in a vehicle, and the steps to correct the problem and to rectify any design faults.
Some common reasons for mechanical failures may be manufacturing and design faults, maintenance faults, raw material faults, material processing faults as well as user originated faults
You will need to describe the mechanism involved in the failure, the consequences of the failure, what steps were taken to correct the problem or defect, and if design modification was required (1000±10% words)
Task 6
With the aid of diagrams/graphs, explain the principles of natural frequency of vibration in a mass-spring system. From your explanation, point out its impacts on a mechanical supporting system.
Task 7
A body of mass of 50 kg is supported by an elastic structure of stiffness 10 kN/m. The motion of the body is controlled by a dashpot such that the amplitude of vibration decreases to onetenth of its original value after two complete vibrations.
Determine: the damping force at 1 m/s, the damping ratio and the natural frequency of vibration including the phase angles for the transient response.
Task 8
A mass of 500 kg is mounted on supports having a total stiffness of 100 kN/m and which provides viscous damping, the damping ratio being 0.4. The mass is constrained to move vertically and is subjected to a vertical disturbing force of the type F cos ot.
Determine the frequency at which resonance will occur and the maximum allowable value of F if the amplitude at resonance is to be restricted to 5 mm.
Learning Outcomes and Assessment Criteria
| Pass | Merit | Distinction |
| LO1 Solve problems within static mechanical systems | ||
| P1 Solve mechanical systems problems that include
distribution of shear force, bending moment and stress due to bending in simply supported beams P2 Justify the selection of standard rolled steel sections for beams and columns P3 Calculate the distribution of shear stress and the angular deflection due to torsion in solid and hollow circular shafts. |
M1 Determine the material used for a circular bar using experimental data obtained from a torsion test for the angle of twist under loading. | D1 Verify, using simulation software, analytical calculations of the magnitude of shear force and bending moments in cantilever and encastre beams for given design applications. |
| LO2 Analyse dynamic mechanical systems | ||
| P4 Analyse the energy transfer processes within mechanical systems that are operating in uniform acceleration motion
P5 Analyse the magnitude and effect of gyroscopic reaction torque. |
M2 Analyse dynamic aspects of given mechanical system(s) using vector diagrams of velocities and accelerations within planar mechanisms. | D2 Evaluate the behaviour of mechanical dynamic systems by applying appropriate methodologies. |
| Pass | Merit | Distinction |
| LO3 Investigate elements of simple mechanical power transmission systems | ||
| P6 Investigate the behaviour of compound gear systems and the holding torque required to securely mount a gearbox
P7 Investigate the operating efficiency of lead screws and screw jacks P8 Explain the conditions required for a constant velocity ratio between two joined shafts. |
M3 Examine devices which function to store mechanical energy in their operation.
|
D3 Evaluate the cause of a documented case of mechanical power transmission failure, and the steps to correct the problem and to rectify any design faults. |
| LO4 Analyse natural and damped vibrations within translational and rotational mass-spring systems | ||
| P9 Analyse the natural frequency of vibration in a mass-spring system.
|
M4 Analyse the transient response within a massspring damper system. | D4 Determine the conditions needed for mechanical resonance, and proposed measures to prevent this from occurring. |
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